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Vine Deloria Jr.
In 1969, Deloria published his first of more than twenty books, entitled Custer Died for Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto. This book became one of Deloria's most famous works; he looked to shatter Indian stereotypes and challenged white audiences to take a hard look at the brutal history of American western expansionism. The American Anthropological Association sponsored a panel in response to Custer Died for Your Sins, and many artifacts and human remains were later returned to tribes as a result. Deloria wrote and edited many subsequent books, focusing on many issues as they relate to Native Americans, such as education and religion. He was involved with many Native American organizations, and was a board member of the National Museum of the American Indian beginning in 1977. Deloria taught at the University of Arizona from 1978 to 1990, and then taught at the University of Colorado at Boulder.
Deloria was born in Martin, South Dakota, near the Pine Ridge Oglala Sioux Indian Reservation, and was first educated at reservation schools. Deloria had one-quarter Indian ancestry, and was a member of the a Native American of Standing Rock Sioux tribe. From 1964 to 1967, Deloria was Executive Director of the National Congress of American Indians.
Spirit and Reason
Power and Place
Behind the Trail of Broken Treaties: An Indian Declaration of Independence
The Indian Reorganization Act
Tribes, Treaties and Constitutional Tribulations
"Federal Indian law . . . is a loosely related collection of past and present acts of Congress, treaties and agreements, executive orders, administrative rulings, and judicial opinions, connected only by the fact that law in some form has been applied haphazardly to American Indians over the course of several centuries. . . .


